10 Newborn Health Red Flags Every Parent Should Know and Act On Immediately

7. Worsening Yellowing (Jaundice)

The Problem

Jaundice, characterized by a yellowish tinge to the skin or the whites of the eyes, is relatively common in newborns. It occurs when there’s an excess of bilirubin in the blood, often because the immature liver needs time to process and eliminate old red blood cells. Mild jaundice can be normal, but worsening or persistent jaundice beyond the first week, or spreading from the face to the chest, arms, or legs, can be a serious issue.

Severe jaundice raises the risk of bilirubin reaching toxic levels, potentially affecting the brain. This condition—kernicterus—requires immediate medical attention. If left untreated, it can lead to developmental challenges or, in extreme cases, severe brain damage.

The Solution

1. Natural Light Exposure: Moderate exposure to indirect sunlight (while avoiding direct harsh rays that can harm sensitive skin) can help the body break down bilirubin. Always protect your baby’s delicate skin to avoid sunburn.
2. Frequent Feeding: More feedings encourage more bowel movements, which helps excrete bilirubin. If breastfeeding, aim for 8-12 feedings in 24 hours, ensuring a good latch for effective milk transfer.
3. Monitor Progress: Keep an eye on whether the yellowing spreads beyond the face to the chest or arms. Note any changes in your baby’s alertness or feeding patterns, as increased lethargy might accompany high bilirubin levels.
4. Medical Intervention: If jaundice is worsening or not improving by the second week, see your pediatrician. They might order a blood test to measure bilirubin. Treatments can include phototherapy or, in more extreme cases, exchange transfusions.

Early recognition and appropriate treatment of jaundice are critical. With prompt care, most cases resolve without lasting effects, and your baby can maintain a healthy developmental trajectory.